知道小有建樹(shù)答主 回答量:330 采納率:100% 幫助的人:107萬(wàn) 我也去答題訪問(wèn)個(gè)人頁(yè) 關(guān)注 展開(kāi)全部 一、產(chǎn)業(yè)內(nèi)貿(mào)易理論的產(chǎn)生及主要內(nèi)容 傳統(tǒng)的貿(mào)易理論,從李嘉圖到赫克歇爾——俄林,都強(qiáng)調(diào)比較優(yōu)勢(shì),認(rèn)為國(guó)家之間發(fā)生貿(mào)易的原

(1)每紙箱48雙，按尺寸搭配，賣方必須在裝運(yùn)月前45天發(fā)貨 (2)你方傭金是按上述FOB價(jià)格的3 (3)每尺碼是20美元FOB (4)直達(dá)價(jià)46.00每臺(tái)CFR漢堡 (5)每打2.5英鎊CIF倫敦,已包含5%傭金 (6)每鐵桶凈重185 - 190公斤

1、某公司出口陶瓷茶杯，每套進(jìn)貨成本人名幣90元（包括百分之17的增值稅）退稅率為百分之8，求實(shí)際成本？2、某公司對(duì)外報(bào)價(jià)牛肉罐頭2.20美元/斤，CIF吉普，按發(fā)票金額加成百分之10投保一切險(xiǎn)，保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)率為百分之0.3，客戶要

2、換匯成本=1800×（1+17%）/（500-70-6.5-15）3、用上面的第（4）公式 CFRC5=1000×（1-3%）/（1-5%）

計(jì)算題：1、題目沒(méi)有給出投保加成，那么，按照慣例加一成，即按發(fā)票金額的110%計(jì)算，CIF=CFR/(1-110%x2%)=204.50，則向保險(xiǎn)公司繳納的保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)=300xCIFx110%x費(fèi)率=300x204.50x110%x2%=1349.70美元。2、該批貨物的人

翻譯：1、上海到新加坡的裝運(yùn)期：收到信用證的10天內(nèi) 2、在1998年的3、4、5三個(gè)月分3次平均發(fā)運(yùn)。3、8月從大連到紐約的裝運(yùn)禁止轉(zhuǎn)船。4、今年年底前從青島到倫敦的裝運(yùn)，允許分批和轉(zhuǎn)船。

請(qǐng)求高手幫我做一下有關(guān)國(guó)際貿(mào)易事務(wù)的計(jì)算題和幾道翻譯題

2.we are very sorry we can't accept your order according our quotaion 6 months ago.3.we had received your order and attached one check of USD2,000 of beginning of Feb,thanks very much.4.Cargos must

1． We have heard from China Council for the Promotion of International Trade that you are in the market for canned goods.我們從中國(guó)國(guó)際貿(mào)易促進(jìn)委員獲悉您有意購(gòu)買罐頭貨品。2． We wish to establish friendly

外貿(mào)英語(yǔ)函電翻譯為中文~拜托啦~~~ Thank you for sending us your Enquiry No.224. We appreciate your thinking of us whenever you plan to order new supply. 感謝您向我們發(fā)送您的查詢224。每當(dāng)你計(jì)劃訂購(gòu)新的供

下面是我自己翻譯的，有些地方可能不是非常的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，見(jiàn)諒。感謝您在11月20日的詢問(wèn)，我們提供了2種尺寸的海運(yùn)集裝箱，分別命名為10ft（可能為英尺）和20ft，都可以從兩邊同時(shí)打開(kāi)，這樣可以讓裝卸同時(shí)進(jìn)行。為了使運(yùn)輸?shù)呢浳?/p>

The manufacturer has too many order, so we can only promise to arrange for shipment in May.銷售合同一式三份，隨函退一份，該合同我們已會(huì)簽 We countersigned sales contract in triplicate and returned one to yo

外貿(mào)函電翻譯 急!!!明天考試,拜托了~

till what amount are we able to get a discount? And how are we suppose to settle the bill? By the way,it is possible to receive a long term supply?ShangHai XX trading LTD we act as agent for

第一部分：請(qǐng)修改下列句子使他們?cè)谏虅?wù)情況下是正式與可接受的句子。這信是我寫的有關(guān)于你電腦訂單的 如果你不提高你的服務(wù)，我們將會(huì)取消合同 來(lái)修好這個(gè)我們上周在你那買的機(jī)器 我們希望你們快點(diǎn)付款 我們不能退回你的

10,請(qǐng)報(bào)我方利物浦到岸價(jià)，含3%傭金。11,按你方要求，我們附上新產(chǎn)品的目錄和價(jià)格單供你方參考。12,如果能與貴方合作，我們將不勝感激。還好有上過(guò)函電，不過(guò)還是辛苦啊，希望能幫到樓主! O(∩_∩)O~

so do not talk business at about the Germans, they think that night is the time for family reunion, if you take the liberty of the business at about the Germans, it is undesirable.2. The time the conc

4.如果貴公司能提供我們所需的產(chǎn)品的話,請(qǐng)給我們一個(gè)最低的價(jià)格!5.我們可能會(huì)定時(shí)地大數(shù)量的訂購(gòu)你們的產(chǎn)品,所以報(bào)價(jià)的時(shí)候請(qǐng)?jiān)偃紤]價(jià)格!6.你們所定的貨,現(xiàn)在沒(méi)庫(kù)存了!!生產(chǎn)尚的產(chǎn)品已經(jīng)幾個(gè)月之前就被訂購(gòu)一空了 7

We do apologize for this.Besides,we have arranged the shippment on April 24th according to the order 11132.PLS kindly send me the signed contract by e-mail ASAP.TKS!

1、我們的新產(chǎn)品市場(chǎng)需求很大。There is a great demand for our new products 2、這種產(chǎn)品的前景很是看好。This kind of product enjoys a good prospect.3、我們需要討論一下基本的交易條件。We have to discuss some

請(qǐng)幫我翻譯下列關(guān)于商務(wù)方面的句子(中譯英)

外貿(mào)英語(yǔ)翻譯 Dear . Many thanks for your attention. Concerning the price we can aept to decrease some to extend our future business relationship, pls kindly inform us your target price for our reference.

進(jìn)出口是最重要的國(guó)際活動(dòng)。當(dāng)一些國(guó)家出口大于進(jìn)口，稱它們有貿(mào)易順差。當(dāng)它們的進(jìn)口大于出口，則存在貿(mào)易逆差。國(guó)家總是嘗試保持貿(mào)易順差，以確保它們購(gòu)買必需的進(jìn)口物品的財(cái)富。ps：翻譯的比較倉(cāng)促，希望對(duì)你有用。

問(wèn)題一：外貿(mào)部用英語(yǔ)怎么說(shuō) 1. The Ministry of Foreign T恭ade ; 縮寫：the MFT (中國(guó)、美國(guó)用法)2. The Department of Foreign Trade; 縮寫：the DFT （英國(guó)用法）問(wèn)題二：外貿(mào)業(yè)務(wù)員怎么翻譯成英文？ Foreign

外貿(mào)的英文是foreign trade。短語(yǔ)搭配：1、外貿(mào)部：ministry of foreign trade.2、外貿(mào)局：foreign trade department.3、外貿(mào)英語(yǔ)：English for foreign trade.4、外貿(mào)體制：foreign trade system.5、外貿(mào)機(jī)構(gòu)：foreign trade ag

foreign trade 指：對(duì)外貿(mào)易,外貿(mào)

外貿(mào)的英文：foreign trade， external trade。International Trade,中文為“國(guó)際貿(mào)易”，英文又稱 “Foreign Trade”“External Trade”（對(duì)外貿(mào)易）。“國(guó)際貿(mào)易”(International Trade)這一說(shuō)法著眼于“貿(mào)易是全球國(guó)家之間開(kāi)展”

外貿(mào)的英文： foreign trade參考例句： Vouching clerk 外貿(mào)單證員 Imbalance in trade (外貿(mào))入超,貿(mào)易不平衡 Foreign trade departments handle export and import trade.外貿(mào)英語(yǔ)（Foreign trade English)，外貿(mào)為商務(wù)英語(yǔ)范疇

外貿(mào)英語(yǔ)翻譯

我已經(jīng)讓世貿(mào)的edie tolchin小姐給了聯(lián)系信息，我讓她給我提供了一個(gè)公司，可以幫我們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)發(fā)貨箱和外紙箱，這樣可以讓我們安全遞送產(chǎn)品，保證我們客戶不受損失。你公司是做這個(gè)的么？我不需要圖畫(huà)設(shè)計(jì)（因?yàn)橄渥拥摹罢f(shuō)明

1. Raw Material reception on Pier(Whole round Giant Squid or Tube only) 在碼頭接收原材料 (整個(gè)圓烏賊或只要軟管)2. Plant Reception and Storage of Raw Material 工廠接收和原材料的儲(chǔ)藏 3. Head off/Wing off/

4、你方必須降價(jià)2％，否則沒(méi)有成交的可能。5、如果沒(méi)有你的明確，指示，我們將按一般慣例投保水漬險(xiǎn)和戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)險(xiǎn)。翻譯文 1st, requests according to you, this mails China in addition the cotton fabric sample two 2nd,

As showed last time you came with Sam, we are one of the big companies in stone material industry. Our large scale, advance equipments and modern management systems are producing the first class quality produc

200分!求一些外貿(mào)簡(jiǎn)單翻譯!

1.我司專業(yè)從事中國(guó)食品的出口，希望能夠與貴司在這一行業(yè)進(jìn)行貿(mào)易。2.因我們從事縫紉機(jī)這一行業(yè)已有20多年，Mesrs.Johnson & Sons 公司介紹貴司為我公司縫紉機(jī)的潛在買家。3.一俟收到貴司的具體詢盤，我們將把最新產(chǎn)品

常用規(guī)范外貿(mào)英語(yǔ) 1.按照要求，我方現(xiàn)報(bào)盤500輛飛鴿牌自行車如下。1. We herewith make an offer of 500 Flying Pigeon brand bicycles at your request, the detail as follows.2.如果你方認(rèn)為這一報(bào)盤可接受，請(qǐng)即傳真

Hello Sir,We got your company information at Canton Fair this April and know that you're suppling kinds of clothes. We're one of biggest clothes importer in London and very interested in your products of M

1: Dear Sirs:Thank you on May 4 call, we asked the printed cloth, and demanded to know we have a large number of orders.We have separately sent to you a comprehensive design and materials for choice wh

外貿(mào)英語(yǔ)函電翻譯為中文~拜托啦~~~ Thank you for sending us your Enquiry No.224. We appreciate your thinking of us whenever you plan to order new supply. 感謝您向我們發(fā)送您的查詢224。每當(dāng)你計(jì)劃訂購(gòu)新的供

求外貿(mào)英語(yǔ)函電考試翻譯!!

Dear XXX, Thank you for your mail on Mar. 20th. We have discussed about your responses to our quotation for the socks. As the price was precisely worked out, we are sorry that we cannot lower the price even if we would like to meet all of your requirements. Even though our price is different from other suppliers, which we believe the reason is for our outstanding product quality is much superior to the ones of other foreign brands, you can benefit yourself by ordering from us. However, considering supporting your business in the industry, we would like to offer you a 5% discount, which is under the circumstances that the MOQ is 5000 pairs from your side. If the deal is acceptable, please inform your PO quantity as soon as possible. Your understanding and support is highly appreciated. Best regards, XXX Mar. 29, 2007 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 您好，本人按原文翻譯的外貿(mào)郵件如上供參考。其中，MOQ (Minimum Order Quantity) 為“最小訂貨量”，PO (Purchase Order) 為“訂單”。 外貿(mào)郵件需要禮貌客氣，最后加上一句套話可能會(huì)好點(diǎn)。 建議原文可以表達(dá)得盡量再委婉些，畢竟作為賣家在談價(jià)錢時(shí)要對(duì)買家客氣禮貌，才有可能讓對(duì)方覺(jué)得是誠(chéng)心的。 希望回答對(duì)您有幫助，不明白可繼續(xù)提問(wèn)。
Foreign trade business letter including as below: 1.we have received your letter of complaint on May 24th and are very sorry for the goods were damaged. 2.Indicate the goods are in good condition when departing from the port, the clean bill of lading can certify it. so we guss the damaged goods shall be caused by incorrect load and unload methods when transportation. 3.we suggest you can claim indemnity from the shipping company. 4.we can do our best to assist you to solve this problem
1、物流是計(jì)劃實(shí)施和控制，有效，高效流動(dòng)和儲(chǔ)存貨物，服務(wù)和相關(guān)信息從原產(chǎn)地到消費(fèi)為宗旨滿足客戶的要求。2、實(shí)質(zhì)是一個(gè)過(guò)程”的規(guī)劃，實(shí)施，和控制”3、物流學(xué)原理”的有效，高效流動(dòng)和儲(chǔ)存”4、物流的目的是“滿足顧客要求”5、客戶服務(wù)包括保證人的權(quán)利得到正確的產(chǎn)品以正確的數(shù)量在正確的地方在正確的時(shí)間正確的條件以恰當(dāng)?shù)某杀尽?、太多的包裝增加成本的同時(shí)，保護(hù)不足可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致商品損壞和，最終，顧客不滿。7、運(yùn)輸往往是最昂貴的物流活動(dòng)，并且可以從40%~60%公司總物流成本。8、存貨是指股票好，保持有多種用途，例如轉(zhuǎn)賣給其他人，以及為支持生產(chǎn)和組裝過(guò)程。 1、國(guó)際物流有許多相同的基本功能，為國(guó)內(nèi)物流，然而，在國(guó)際環(huán)境，物流系統(tǒng)的每一個(gè)國(guó)家都是相互聯(lián)系，所以國(guó)際物流有更多的國(guó)際主義，復(fù)雜性和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比國(guó)內(nèi)物流。2、為保護(hù)貨物而它們?cè)谶\(yùn)輸，物流經(jīng)理必須有一個(gè)良好的理解的包裝選擇。3、貨物在國(guó)際貿(mào)易和跨國(guó)公司的集中從制造商和供應(yīng)商的發(fā)貨港口，并需要保存一段時(shí)間暫時(shí)有時(shí)，再重裝和出口。4、材料處理通常是涉及機(jī)械設(shè)備短途移動(dòng)；這種設(shè)備包括傳送帶，叉車，起重機(jī)和集裝箱。5、進(jìn)出口商品檢驗(yàn)包括檢查商品的質(zhì)量，質(zhì)量，安全和衛(wèi)生。6、外貿(mào)加工子系統(tǒng)包括一些增值物流活動(dòng)，如標(biāo)簽，分類，標(biāo)志，測(cè)序，運(yùn)輸整合，生產(chǎn)改性及裝配等。
The wunderkind gas trader John Arnold has made billions as an energy-trading phenom. But the rules of his game are about to change. 翻譯:年輕有為的天然氣商人 約翰-阿落德已經(jīng)在天然氣交易中賺到將近10億. 但是他們的游戲規(guī)則正在發(fā)生改變. (Fortune Magazine) -- You could hear John Arnold trying to choose his words carefully. Seated at a conference table inside a drab government building in Washington, D.C., in August, Arnold hardly fit the stereotype of a swaggering, 35-year-old billionaire natural-gas trader. 翻譯: (財(cái)富雜志)--- 你可以聽(tīng)到約翰-阿羅德小心翼翼的選擇自己的用詞. 他正在參加一個(gè)會(huì)議,這個(gè)會(huì)議在位于美國(guó)華盛頓的一個(gè)土褐色的政府大樓里召開(kāi). 在8月, 約翰-阿羅德幾乎成為一個(gè)35歲進(jìn)行天然氣貿(mào)易的億萬(wàn)富翁. He wrung his hands as he waited to speak and twisted his wedding band. He filled, and refilled, and re-refilled his water glass. Then he stuttered a bit before he gained momentum and politely advocated rules that would restrict others while allowing him to keep doing what he does. 翻譯:他扭動(dòng)著他的手和他的領(lǐng)結(jié),正在等待著發(fā)言. 他幾次用水加滿了他的杯子,接著,他結(jié)結(jié)巴巴的說(shuō)了一些話,客氣的提倡著一些規(guī)則,這些規(guī)則是限制其他人,從而允許他繼續(xù)他的工作. It was a rare public appearance for one of the least-known billionaires in the U.S. But the stakes were high. Arnold was testifying at a hearing of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC). 翻譯:在美國(guó)對(duì)于一個(gè)億萬(wàn)富翁來(lái)說(shuō),在街頭路面是十分罕見(jiàn)的.但是,樹(shù)莊太高,阿羅德試圖證明一種美國(guó)商品期貨交易委員會(huì)的說(shuō)法. Commodity prices have been especially volatile in recent years -- skyrocketing and then crashing to earth -- and the federal regulator is considering dramatic rule changes to rein in speculators, whom many blame for the gyrating prices. 翻譯:日用品價(jià)格變得十分不穩(wěn)定,特別是最近幾年---開(kāi)始是天價(jià),接著有暴跌回原來(lái)的價(jià)格---聯(lián)邦官員正在考慮改變一些的規(guī)則去控制這些讓價(jià)格異常波動(dòng)的投機(jī)者. Arnold would tell you -- if he were inclined to tell you anything (and he rarely is) -- that he's a speculator. He might say, though, that that's not a bad thing to be. But call him what you want -- nobody has profited more when it comes to natural-gas trading in recent years. 翻譯:阿羅德會(huì)告訴你---他會(huì)傾向于告訴你一些事情---他是一個(gè)投機(jī)者. 他可能會(huì)說(shuō),會(huì)想做一個(gè)投機(jī)者不是一件壞的事情. 但是在最近幾年沒(méi)有人再能獲得更多的利益當(dāng)天然氣貿(mào)易變成了國(guó)家天然氣貿(mào)易. His Houston-based hedge fund, Centaurus Energy, which manages more than $5 billion in assets, has never returned less than 50% in seven years of business. 翻譯:他擁有休撕頓的人馬座能源基金,這個(gè)基金掌握著超過(guò)50億的資產(chǎn),并且在7年的生意中沒(méi)有低于其50%的價(jià)值. Arnold's wealth reportedly constitutes a large chunk of the fund, which would make him the second-youngest self-made multibillionaire in the U.S. -- behind Facebook's Mark Zuckerberg (assuming you believe the social-networking company's theoretical valuation). 翻譯:劇報(bào)道阿羅德的財(cái)富可以建立一個(gè)十分巨大的基金,這使他成為在美國(guó)第2年輕的白手起家的億萬(wàn)富翁---在他前面的是FACKBOOK的創(chuàng)始人馬克(你可以相信社會(huì)人際網(wǎng)絡(luò)公司的理論財(cái)富) Arnold has the brain of an economist, the experience of a veteran gas man, and the iron stomach of a riverboat gambler. Perhaps most notable, though, is his uncanny ability to extract colossal profits from catastrophic circumstances. 翻譯:阿羅德?lián)碛薪?jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家的大腦,老道的天然氣貿(mào)易商的經(jīng)驗(yàn),以及賭徒般巨大的胃口. 也許最值得關(guān)注的是,他讓人吃驚的能力,這個(gè)能力能在災(zāi)難的環(huán)境中吸收財(cái)富. He began his career as a wunderkind twentysomething trader at Enron -- and escaped that disaster not only with his reputation intact but also with the biggest bonus given to any employee, which he used to seed a new fund. 翻譯:他開(kāi)始他的職業(yè)是作為一個(gè)20幾歲的貿(mào)易商在ENRON---當(dāng)時(shí)他不但能從災(zāi)難中完好無(wú)損的逃離出來(lái),并且提供了一大筆獎(jiǎng)金給他的員工,這樣使他種下了新的基金. A few years later he earned $1 billion betting that natural-gas prices would go down just as a reputedly brilliant gas trader at Amaranth made a spectacularly disastrous bet in the opposite direction. More recently, as the commodities bubble burst in 2008, taking even more fund managers with it, Arnold foresaw the looming collapse and once again nearly doubled his money. 翻譯:在幾年以后,他打賭天然氣的價(jià)格會(huì)下降,是因?yàn)槁?tīng)說(shuō)一些天然氣投資者做了一個(gè)相反的決定,使這些人損失慘重;因此,阿羅德賺到了10億.最近幾年,由于2008年的日用品刨沫的突然出現(xiàn),一些基金投資商破產(chǎn)了.然而,阿羅德再次預(yù)測(cè)到這個(gè)海市蜃樓般的崩潰,并使他的資產(chǎn)翻了兩翻. But now he faces the biggest test of his career. His mojo relies on his ability to make enormous bets. The CFTC, however, has vowed to impose trading limits that would target the industry's largest players. That, say observers, could be a dose of kryptonite for the supertrader. 翻譯中...
這是樣品付款鏈接，樣品單價(jià)是17.4，單件的運(yùn)費(fèi)比較昂貴，如果批量購(gòu)買，會(huì)便宜很多。100件的運(yùn)費(fèi)大概是240美元 【翻譯】Here is the link of payment for sample, the unit price is 17.4 (人民幣寫RMB，美元寫USD). Sample is usually expensive, while if you buy it in large quantity, the price will cheaper. The freight for 100 pcs is about 240USD.
你需要多少個(gè)款式？ How many models/styles of XXX would you like to order? (XXX指產(chǎn)品) 每個(gè)款式多少數(shù)量？ What is the order quantity for each model/style? 我們的最低起批量是30件。 Our MOQ is 30 pcs. (MOQ - 最小訂貨量) 30件以下只接受零售的價(jià)格，我們的折扣40%的促銷活動(dòng)準(zhǔn)備結(jié)束。 Retail price offered for order quantity less than 30 pcs. Our promotion of offering a 40% discount is about to end. 如果你有需要請(qǐng)告知我們你的真實(shí)需求。 If you have any inquiries, please inform us about your real demands. 由于網(wǎng)站限制刊登產(chǎn)品的數(shù)量。如果方便的話留下你的郵箱，我們有更加多的產(chǎn)品供你選擇，謝謝。 Since display of all the products is restricted by the website, we will appreciate it if you could leave us your email address, and we would like to offer more of our available products for your information. Thanks. 您好，原文翻譯如上供參考，不明白可繼續(xù)提問(wèn)。 若回答對(duì)您有所幫助，請(qǐng)點(diǎn)擊本頁(yè)面中的“選為滿意回答”按鈕。
1, On Christmas Eve, we prepared to decorate the classroom with flowers. 2，Your vacation plan sounds more exciting than mine. 3,International hotel used to be the highest building of Shanghai. 4, We should learn from doctors and nurses. 5, There are many buildings of different styles in the Bund.
1 museum visitors, may request in the pictures 2 the economic development in China, deng xiaoping course plays an important role 3. He works in the reporter asked writer who is responsible for the prototype 4 he said, I will wear a red coat, so long you can recognize me 5. Go along this road for three blocks, then turn right, it's on your left 6. We have a lot of work to do, so to make good use of time 7. He went to New York, not directly in Hong Kong 8. The city is often rain in summer season 1 museum visitors, may request in the pictures 2 the economic development in China, deng xiaoping course plays an important role 3. He works in the reporter asked writer who is responsible for the prototype 4 he said, I will wear a red coat, so long you can recognize me 5. Go along this road for three blocks, then turn right, it's on your left 6. We have a lot of work to do, so to make good use of time 7. He went to New York, not directly in Hong Kong 8. The city in the summer season often rain
Foreign trade business letter including as below: 1.we have received your letter of complaint on May 24th and are very sorry for the goods were damaged. 2.Indicate the goods are in good condition when departing from the port, the clean bill of lading can certify it. so we guss the damaged goods shall be caused by incorrect load and unload methods when transportation. 3.we suggest you can claim indemnity from the shipping company. 4.we can do our best to assist you to solve this problem
First of all, regarding this batch of goods, you have made a number of amendments to the delivery time of the goods sample. According to normal practice, we should supply this batch of goods at the latest market price. Your request for a postponement of delivery has caused a setback to our production plan. However, we still agree to supply the goods to you at the very low price in compliance with our previous contract. Therefore, we hope that you can sort out the problem with your customers. We will consider offering you a concessionary rate in the coming deals. Lastly, please send us 500gram - 1kg of samples to us to facilitate our confirmation.
ERP=(V,-V)/V×100% V,——保護(hù)措施下生產(chǎn)過(guò)程的增值(國(guó)內(nèi)增值) V——自由貿(mào)易條件下加工增值 (1)設(shè)汽車國(guó)際市場(chǎng)價(jià)格為A; 則汽車各成本項(xiàng)目?jī)r(jià)格為:(20%+30%+10%)A=0.6A V=A-0.6A=0.4A 在保護(hù)措施下生產(chǎn)過(guò)程的增值就是要考慮各關(guān)稅率之后的增值; 即:V,= (1+180%)A—(20% x160%+30% x220%+10% x130%)A =1.69A ERP=(V,-V)/V×100%=(1.69A-0.4A)/0.4A×100%=322.5% (2)根據(jù)以上同理計(jì)算如下: V,=(1+180%)A—(20% x110%+30% x130%+10% x105%)A =2.085A ERP=(V,-V)/V×100%=(2.085A-0.4A)/0.4A×100%=421.25% (3)結(jié)論:對(duì)投入品征收的關(guān)稅越低則對(duì)成品的關(guān)稅有效保護(hù)率越高. (3)結(jié)論:進(jìn)口各成本項(xiàng)目(散件)的關(guān)稅率越低,則汽車整車的關(guān)稅有效保護(hù)率越高.
中國(guó)應(yīng)該出口大米，進(jìn)口鋼鐵 30/60 =0.5>10/45=2/9 所以中國(guó)在大米上具有比較優(yōu)勢(shì)，應(yīng)出口大米。 在鋼鐵商具有比較劣勢(shì)，應(yīng)該進(jìn)口